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Before the Second World War

Provisional solution and failed plans

The Rent of the Stöckel building at Sillgasse 15 in Innsbruck dates back to 1910 and was originally only as a temporary solution thought. Plans to build a synagogue in Innsbruck before the Second World War were never realised, initially due to a lack of funds, and later probably also due to a lack of long-term prospects. The land purchased for the purpose of building the synagogue in 1912 Property in Gutenbergstraße was sold again in 1936. Only a few design drawings by the commissioned architects Franz Baumann and Theodor Prachensky from 1930, who were apparently invited to take part in a competition for the site in Gutenbergstraße, have survived. Both used sober lines typical of the interwar period (Bauhaus style). The then religious community for North and East Tyrol (in Vorarlberg, the religious community in Hohenems still existed at the time) therefore continued to make do with the synagogue in the Stöckel building at Sillgasse 15.

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Designs by Franz Baumann (1892-1974) and Theodor Prachensky (1888-1970)
4 Info boxes

Decades without a synagogue

After the Second World War, the small community had to make do with makeshift solutions

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Plans for a new beginning

At the end of the 1980s, Dr Esther Fritsch and Bishop Reinhold Stecher seized the opportunity.

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Architecture

The new synagogue was designed by architect Michael Prachensky

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Community hall

2014 saw the expansion of the community centre

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After the Second World War

Decades without a synagogue

In contrast to Merano and Hohenems, it is in Innsbruck did not succeed, to preserve the synagogue, even if only for mundane purposes, as in the case of Hohenems. It was obviously in a very desolate state when it was demolished in the mid-1960s. It is also unlikely to have been of any particular interest to the newly formed small community. At least no efforts were made to save the Stöckel building. It would also have lacked the funds for this, especially as public support was not to be expected at the time. In addition, the prayer hall in Sillgasse was actually only ever intended as an emergency and temporary solution, and a rented hall naturally cannot represent the same level of identification as a separate building constructed for the needs of a Beit ha-Knesset.

After the Second World War, people initially made do with the Private rooms of Rudolf Brüll in the Anichstraße and from 1961 with a rented hall at Zollerstraße 1, where the small congregation met for prayer for over 30 years. In the meantime, the property at Sillgasse 15 passed through a Exchange contract 1960 to the city of Innsbruck A few years later, all existing buildings, including the Stöckel building, were demolished. The vacated space was used as a car park until the new building was constructed. The WE Wohnungseigentum acquired the building rights and planned the construction of a residential building. Thus began the history of the new synagogue in Innsbruck.

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The prayer hall in Innsbruck's Zollerstraße
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Rudolf Brüll
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Dr Esther Fritsch, Bishop Reinhold Stecher

End of the 1980s

The construction of the new synagogue

Architect Michael Prachensky was commissioned by WE- Gemeinnützige Tiroler Wohnbau GmbH at the end of the 1980s to plan the residential property at Sillgasse 15 and, together with the then President of Dr Esther Fritsch because of the need to relocate the memorial plaque, which was placed in the car park in 1981. Dr Esther Fritsch immediately endeavoured to use the planned new building to erect a synagogue. The time seemed right because of the public awareness triggered by the „Waldheim Affair“ and the strong support of the then Bishop Reinhold Stecher (prohibition of the „Anderl von Rinn“ cult) and the open attitude of the political decision-makers to finally be ripe.

While in Tyrol In the decades before, an anti-Jewish attitude prevailed (Governor Eduard Wallnöfer was a member of the NSDAP, Bishop Paul Rusch still believed in the murder of the Jews and the historical accuracy of the murder of Anderl von Rinn). Upper Austria as early as 1965 the reparation and co-financing of the new synagogue building. Even later than in Tyrol, however, in the Styria The decision to support the new building was not taken until 1998.

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1991-1993

Laying of the foundation stone and opening

In 1991, Sillgasse 15 finally saw the opening of the Laying of the foundation stone and in 1993 the Synagogue opened in a festive ceremony with 600 invited guests be realised. The expelled Tyrolean Jews were invited by Mayor Romuald Niescher to both the laying of the foundation stone and the opening, and they were very pleased with the attention and the new developments in Innsbruck. Dr Esther Fritsch, the president at the time, managed to seize the opportunity. The fact that the synagogue stands (almost) exactly where the prayer room was located until 1938 gives the new community centre an additional dimension.

The new synagogue in Innsbruck remains true to its character, rented in a building to be faithful. This links them to the situation before 1938, but distinguishes them from the other Austrian religious communities outside Vienna, all of which have their own buildings, either because they were able to survive the events of the Nazi era and were renovated (Salzburg) or because they were newly built (Linz, Graz). However, some synagogues in Vienna can also be found within apartment blocks, whether they are owned or rented, such as those in Seitenstettengasse, Grünangergasse and Robertgasse. Last but not least, the designs for the planned synagogue in Gutenbergstraße also provided for corresponding rooms on the ground floor of a residential building.

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In detail

The architecture of the new synagogue

The access to the new synagogue faces Sillgasse and is slightly set back in a slightly inwardly curved Arcade. The spatial element, taken from the historical models in Innsbruck, softens the exposure to the busy street. The portal is framed by polished limestone and bears the Hebrew inscription „...and build the house and I will be pleased with it...“ (Haggai 1:8). The façade in the arcade is decorated with broken limestone slabs and thus alludes to the historical building material in Jerusalem.

The inside of the synagogue is divided into the vestibule with cloakroom, the prayer room and the secretariat. The rectangular prayer room protrudes into the vestibule like a separate building and is clad in limestone slabs like the outer façade. The interior of the synagogue is accessed via the central double-leaf door. The portal frame repeats the motif of the entrance, but is made of polished red limestone.

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Synagogue

The prayer room

The relatively small prayer room, which can accommodate around 60 people, has an intimate feel. Due to the low floor height, a larger room would have been difficult to realise. The Cladding and furnishings are characterised by Warm, timeless materiality out. The floor is covered with red limestone and the walls are clad with white, rough-textured limestone, just like the outside. The pedestal and the bima resting on it, the step in front of the Torah shrine, the Torah shrine itself and the benches are made of Beech wood. The ceiling is fitted with a Flat dome in which, in imitation of the one in the city temple in Vienna, the Starry sky is painted on a blue background. Based on the calculations of astronomer Prof. Herbert Hartl, the night sky on the day of the opening on 21 March 1993 is shown here. The room is illuminated by spotlights which focus on the Torah shrine and the starry sky. To the left and right of the centre axis are 5 rows of benches and a short bench on the east wall rotated by 90°. In the absence of a women's gallery, which could not be erected due to lack of space, the genders are separated along the sides of the rows of benches and, since 2024, symbolically by a lower bench. Mechiza.

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Furnishings

Objects of the Jewish liturgy

The prayer room contains some Furnishings from the prayer room in Zollerstraße, The Torah is characterised by a number of interesting features, such as the lectern, chairs with red velvet upholstery, the eternal light, the depiction of the stone tablets with the 10 commandments above the Torah shrine, a Besamim box and the brass plate with the blessings for the Torah readings. The Torah shrine (Aron ha-Kodesh) is set into the east wall at the end of the room axis and can be opened via two door leaves. The Parochet (curtain) is a donation from the Rimalt family in Israel. To the right of the Torah shrine on a small pedestal is a Hanukkia, a gift from the then Bishop Reinhold Stecher.

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Hanukkia (gift from Bishop Reinhold Stecher) and mezuzah. Photos: Florian Lechner
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2014

The new community hall

After the copy centre to the north of the synagogue closed its doors, the Expansion of the community centre The new building could be extended by an almost square meeting room and a small kitchen. This also necessitated changes to the vestibule. Architect Reinhard Rinderer was commissioned to design the new premises. In contrast to the white marble floor in the vestibule, a wooden floor made of silver fir was chosen. The north side was designed as Library wall flanked on both sides by large wooden sliding doors.
A screen can be lowered in front of the bookshelf. On the west side, which was clad with steel plates on the outside for security reasons, the glass façade of the copy centre can still be seen on the inside. Here, the stained glass windows Window from Zollerstrasse attached. Large windows are set into the east side, providing a view of the inner courtyard of the residential complex.

The community hall was opened in 2014. It was again made possible by funding from the city, state and federal government. As the library is to be extended, the municipality is currently planning to erect a wall of books and display cabinets on the west side. The old windows from Zollerstraße are to be inserted into the windows on the east wall as part of this process.

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